A rare 1750 scagliola masterpiece by Pietro Belloni, commissioned for Joseph Leeson’s Grand Tour collection.
The Scagliola Table crafted by Pietro Belloni in 1750 stands as a testament to the exquisite artistry and cultural exchanges of the 18th century. This masterpiece not only showcases the technical prowess of its creator but also reflects the rich history of its provenance.
Pietro Belloni: The Artisan Monk
Pietro Belloni was a Benedictine monk from the Vallombrosa monastery near Florence. Under the mentorship of Abbot Enrico Hugford, Belloni honed his skills in the art of scagliola—a technique that simulates the appearance of marble using a composite of selenite, glue, and pigments. This method, which emerged in Italy during the late Renaissance, allowed for the creation of intricate designs that were both durable and visually stunning. Belloni’s dedication to this craft led him to produce some of the most remarkable scagliola works of his time.
The 1750 Scagliola Table
Among Belloni’s notable creations is the scagliola tabletop dated 1750. This piece is distinguished by its intricate depiction of fishermen in a coastal setting, framed by elaborate scrolling and floral motifs. The meticulous attention to detail and the harmonious composition exemplify Belloni’s mastery of the scagliola technique. Notably, only seven tabletops by Belloni are known to exist, all commissioned by British and Irish patrons during their Grand Tours, highlighting the exclusivity and desirability of his work.
A masterwork in scagliola, where pigment and polish transform humble materials into a vision of grandeur.
This particular table was commissioned by Joseph Leeson, later the Earl of Milltown, during his visit to Florence in 1744. Leeson, like many aristocrats of his era, embarked on the Grand Tour—a cultural pilgrimage through Europe intended to refine one’s taste and education. During his travels, he acquired various artworks, including three scagliola tabletops from Belloni.
Now a jewel of Russborough, this rare scagliola masterpiece stands as a tribute to the enduring beauty of artistry shaped by patience, precision, and the vision of a master craftsman.
The 1750 table is the largest of these commissions and remained in Leeson’s family collection for generations. Today, it is housed at Russborough House in Ireland, serving as a focal point in the Entrance Hall and a testament to the enduring appeal of Belloni’s craftsmanship.
The Art of Scagliola
Scagliola, derived from the Italian word “scaglia” meaning “chips,” involves creating a paste from selenite and natural pigments, which is then applied to a substrate and polished to mimic marble. This technique became popular as a cost-effective alternative to marble inlay, offering artists greater flexibility in design and color. Belloni’s work exemplifies the pinnacle of this art form, with his pieces celebrated for their depth, richness, and intricate detailing.
Legacy
The 1750 Scagliola Table by Pietro Belloni is more than just a piece of furniture; it is a convergence of art, history, and cultural exchange. Its presence in Russborough House not only enhances the aesthetic value of the estate but also serves as a tangible link to the artistic endeavors and patronage of the 18th century. Visitors and art enthusiasts alike continue to be captivated by its beauty and the story it tells of a monk’s dedication to his craft and the far-reaching impact of his creations.